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November 1993
Mechanisms of Incomplete Cardioplegia Distribution during Coronary Artery Surgery: An Intraoperative Transesophageal Contrast Echocardiography Study
Paolo Voci, M.D., Ph.D.;
Paolo Voci, M.D., Ph.D.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Federico Bilotta, M.D.;
Federico Bilotta, M.D.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Quintillo Caretta, M.D.;
Quintillo Caretta, M.D.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Flavia Chiarotti, B.S.;
Flavia Chiarotti, B.S.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Corrado Mercanti, M.D.;
Corrado Mercanti, M.D.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Benedetto Marino, M.D.
Benedetto Marino, M.D.
* Assistant in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
† Fellow in Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Surgery, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
‡ Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
§ Researcher at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Ministero della Sanità.
¶Associate Professor and Chief of Cardiac Surgery, University of Florence.
¶Director of the Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, “La Sapienza” University of Rome.
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Anesthesiology November 1993, Vol. 79, 904–912.
Citation
Paolo Voci, Federico Bilotta, Quintillo Caretta, Flavia Chiarotti, Corrado Mercanti, Benedetto Marino; Mechanisms of Incomplete Cardioplegia Distribution during Coronary Artery Surgery: An Intraoperative Transesophageal Contrast Echocardiography Study. Anesthesiology 1993; 79:904–912 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199311000-00006
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