Fig. 1. Effects of infraclavicular catheter infusion of either ropivacaine or placebo on pain at rest after moderately painful upper extremity surgery. Pain severity was scored as the average (A ) and worst (B ) pain reported at rest (scale, 0–10). The infusion was discontinued after postoperative day 2 as indicated by the horizontal line. Data are expressed as mean ± SD for patients randomly assigned to receive either 0.2% ropivacaine (n = 15) or 0.9% saline placebo (n =15). *P < 0.05 compared with placebo for a given postoperative day.