Table 1. Outcome Measures during the Immediate and Late Postoperative Periods
* Measured daily for first 4 postoperative days.
† Follow-up to 30 postoperative days.
SF-36 = Short Form 36; VAS = visual analog scale; FVC = forced vital capacity; GI = gastrointestinal; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; LOS = length of hospital stay.