Fig. 1. Perioperative multimodal lung-protective approach. ALI = acute lung injury; ARDS = adult respiratory distress syndrome; BiPAP = bilevel positive airway pressure; CMV = controlled mechanical ventilation; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; Intraop = intraoperative; MODS = multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure; PSV = pressure-support ventilation; SIRS = systemic inflammatory response syndrome; VT= tidal volume.