Fig. 1.
Experimental design. HepG2 cells (2 × 106) were subcutaneously injected into the right side of the armpits of BALB/c nude mice. After palpable tumors developed a volume of approximately 50 mm3, the mice were injected with a phosphate-buffered saline solution as a control, lidocaine (30 mg/kg, twice a week), cisplatin (3 mg/kg, once a week), or a combination of lidocaine and cisplatin through intraperitoneal injections. Tumor growth was observed for 30 days from the first treatment until the tumors reached approximately 1,000 mm3 in total volume, at which time the mice were euthanized. D0 = day 0; D10 = day 10; D20 = day 20; D30 = day 30.