Proposed model for transcriptomic changes after surgical incision. Incision leads to nerve injury as well as tissue damage and local inflammation. Nerve injury is likely responsible for microglial activation, which resiniferatoxin (RTX) fails to attenuate. In contrast, resiniferatoxin blocks the majority of postoperative nocifensive behaviors, a possible molecular correlate of which is the prodynorphin transcript level, which is induced by incision and has attenuated induction with resiniferatoxin treatment.