Fig. 6.
Effects of a 5-min incubation with the combination of 1 μM cyclosporin A plus 300 μM bupivacaine on the glutamate-induced increase in [Ca2+]i in astrocytes cocultured with neurons (A, a typical trace; B, changes in peak, area under the curve (AUC), and Tau values, n = 14) and in neurons cocultured with astrocytes (C, a typical trace; D, changes in peak, AUC, and Tau values, n = 20). Cells were exposed to 1 mM glutamate for 10 s, and the data are expressed as the means ± SD. *P < 0.05 compared with the glutamate-induced responses before bupivacaine treatment using a paired t test.