Figure 2. (A) Pain ratings induced by trains of three subsequent-impact stimuli (1 Hz) are shown for systemic lidocaine (triangles) and placebo treatment (circles). The trains were applied at baseline (left) and 14, 34, and 54 min (arrows) after the start of systemic lidocaine treatment. Pain ratings were not affected by systemic administration of lidocaine (by analysis of variance; differences not significant). (B) Pain ratings induced by trains of three subsequent-impact stimuli (1 Hz) are shown for lidocaine treatment in the intravenous regional anesthesia setting with lidocaine (triangles) or saline (circles). The trains were applied at baseline and 18 min after inflating the tourniquets (arrows on time scale).