Fig. 5. Average percent change in withdrawal threshold for 2 h after intraplantar injection of capsaicin in female (  open bar ) and male (  closed bar ) rats pretreated with intrathecal saline (Sal), 50 μg bethanechol (Beth), 50 μg RJR-2403 (RJR), 1 μg neostigmine (Neo), or 10 μg Neo plus mecamylamine (Mec). Change is from the withdrawal threshold after drug treatment, but just before capsaicin. Values expressed as mean ± SE for six animals. *  P < 0.05 compared with males. #  P < 0.05 compared with saline control.