Fig. 5. Inhibition of kainate-evoked currents by halothane and isoflurane. (A ) The application of various concentrations of kainate are shown for current activated by 220 μm kainate in wild-type (+/+) neurons and by 90 μm kainate in mutant (−/−) neurons. Kainate was applied as indicated by the solid bar before, during, and after the application of halothane. (B ) Concentration–inhibition curves for halothane modulation of AMPA receptors in (−/−) and (+/+) neurons. The concentrations ranged from 4 to 7,500 μm halothane in (+/+) (squares) and (−/−) (triangles) neurons. (C ) Similarly, the application of various concentrations of isoflurane are shown for current activated by 220 μm kainate in (+/+) neurons and by 90 μm kainate in (−/−) neurons. (D ) Concentration–inhibition curves for isoflurane modulation of AMPA receptors in (+/+) (squares) and (−/−) (triangles) neurons. The concentrations ranged from 3 to 2,500 μm isoflurane.