Fig. 2.  The effects of volatile anesthetics on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) binding to lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) on Jurkat cells. (A ) Isoflurane and sevoflurane inhibited ICAM-1 binding to LFA-1 on Jurkat cells, as determined by flow cytometry. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments and are expressed as a percentage of mock-treated samples. (B ) Chloroform did not affect ICAM-1 binding to LFA-1 on Jurkat cells. Data represent the mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments and are expressed as the percentage of mock-treated samples. (A  and B ) One-way analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc  analysis was used to compare the data at different anesthetic concentrations within sevoflurane- isoflurane-, or chloroform-treated samples. *P < 0.05. vs.  mock-treated samples.