Fig. 4. Cytokine and chemokine response following ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). (A ) Scatter plot representing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. (B ) Scatter plot representing BAL interleukin-1β concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. (C ) Scatter plot representing BAL interleukin-6 concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. (D ) Scatter plot representing BAL interleukin-10 concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. (E ) Scatter plot representing BAL transforming growth factor-β concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. (F ) Scatter plot representing BAL keratinocyte growth factor concentrations with sham and low-stretch ventilation, and at each time point following VILI. For sham and protective ventilated group, n = 4; for other VILI groups, n = 8. * Significantly different from sham and low-stretch ventilated animals (P < 0.05, ANOVA). BAL = bronchoalveolar lavage; IL = interleukin; KGF = keratinocyte growth factor; sham = animals that received sham ventilation; TGF-β = transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α; vent = animals that received low stretch ventilation.