Single-center retrospective observation study profile denoting inclusion and exclusion criteria. 7,125 patients had unique anesthesia encounters. If a patient had more than one anesthesia encounter during the study time period, only the first anesthesia encounter was included in the initial study sample. Primary outcomes were defined per study protocol: hypoxemia was defined as oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry less than 90% for at least 1 min. Bradycardia was defined with the age-specific definition (heart rate less than 100 beats per minute for infants younger than 1 month and a heart rate less than 80 beats per minute for infants one month or older). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; LMA, laryngeal mask airway.