Fig. 3.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)–deficient mice have deleterious left ventricle (LV) function compared with wild-type (WT) mice after cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery. (A) LV function measured in a Langendorff perfusion system. Twenty-four hours after CLP or sham surgery, the heart was excised and perfused in a Langendorff system. LV function was measured. Each error bar represents the mean ± standard error, n = 4 in WT-sham group, n = 6 in TLR4def-sham group, n = 8 in WT-CLP group, n = 10 in TLR4def-CLP group. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001. Detailed P values in left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP) assessement: WT-CLP versus WT-sham, P = 0.013; WT-CLP versus TLR4def-CLP, P = 0.034. Detailed P values in dP/dtmax assessement: WT-CLP versus WT-sham, P = 0.012; WT-CLP versus TLR4def-CLP, P = 0.041. dP/dtmax = the maximal rate of LV pressure development. (B and C) Sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. (B) Representative tracing of sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients in isolated cardiomyocytes 24 h after CLP surgery. (C) Accumulated data of sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients. The data in each group were recorded from 14 to 15 single adult cardiomyocytes isolated from four mice. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. ***P < 0.0001. SacL = sarcomere length.