Fig. 6.
An addition of neutralizing antibody for transforming growth factor-β (FN TGFβ) resulted in recovery of CD1a-positive marker in ketamine-costimulated monocytes (MOs) differentiated with interleukin-4 granulocyte–monocyte colony-stimulating factor (IL-4&GM-CSF) (A). Also, FN TGFβ resulted in recovery of ability of MO differentiated with IL-4&GM-CSF to stimulate allogeneic T cells (B) and process antigen (C) (green line = IL-4&GM-CSF alone; red line = IL-4&GM-CSF + ketamine; blue line = IL-4&GM-CSF + FN TGFβ + ketamine, gray histogram = negative control). 4&G alone = interleukin-4 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulated; 4&G+Ket100 = interleukin-4 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor + ketamine 100 µg/ml stimulated; 4&G+Ket100 + FN-TGFβ = interleukin-4 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor + ketamine 100 µg/ml + neutralizing antibody for TGFβ stimulated.