Fig. 1.
Targeting loss of behavioral response (LOBR) under anesthesia. (A) Ultraslow induction to and recovery from propofol-induced loss of consciousness. Laser (red), tone (green), and word discrimination task (blue) stimuli were delivered during a target-controlled infusion to a maximum effect-site concentration (ESC) of 4 μg/ml. (B) Targeted functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis to identify brain regions with altered activity associated with LOBR (black dashed line). LOBR was defined as consistent loss of motor response (purple circles) to the auditory word task, where individuals responded if the two words presented were the same or different. Each individual’s functional magnetic resonance imaging data were truncated (gray box) to include 12 laser stimuli pre-LOBR and 12 post-LOBR.