Fig. 1. The 24-h memory retention latency performance for unoperated animals that were exposed to air, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, or halothane during a single trial of inhibitory avoidance learning. Animals were not exposed to anesthetic on memory testing. Longer latencies imply better memory. Exposure to sevoflurane or halothane at training resulted in a significant increase of 24-h memory retention latency. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *  P < 0.05. **  P < 0.005.