Neonatal exposure to isoflurane or wild-type PDZ2 peptide impairs recognition memory at 7 weeks. Plots showing percent of time animals spent investigating novel or familiar objects among experimental groups. At 1 week, mice in cohort 1 were exposed to oxygen (control, 100% O2) or isoflurane (1.5% ISO in 98.5% O2) and cohort 2 were injected with PDZ2MUT (8 mg/kg inactive mutant peptide) or PDZ2WT (8 mg/kg active wild-type peptide). Data are plotted as mean ± SD. Left plot showing investigation time comparing novel versus familiar objects, naïve (n = 13), P < 0.001; control (n = 25), P < 0.001; isoflurane (n = 20), P = 0.234; PDZ2MUT (n = 20), P = 0.002; PDZ2WT (n = 19), P = 0.382. n = number of animals. Data were analyzed with t tests followed by Holm-Sidak multiple comparison correction. Right plot showing recognition index as % time investigating novel object/total time investigating both objects × 100, naïve versus control, P = 0.235; naïve versus isoflurane, P = 0.010; control versus isoflurane, P = 0.045; PDZ2MUT versus PDZ2WT, P = 0.045. Data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak multiple comparison correction. *P < 0.050, **P < 0.010, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
