Fig. 6.
Genetic silencing of the sodium leak channel in the retrotrapezoid nucleus decreases ventilation and the carbon dioxide response under anesthesia by volatile anesthetics but not under propofol. (A) Isoflurane-induced (0.8%, ~0.8 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) changes of respiratory frequency (left), tidal volume (middle), and minute ventilation (right) in control and sodium leak channel genetically silenced mice. (B) Compared with control mice, sodium leak channel genetically silenced mice showed a blunted response of respiratory frequency and minute ventilation to 3% CO2 or 5% CO2 under 0.8% isoflurane anesthesia. (C) Sevoflurane-induced (1.5%, ~0.8 MAC) changes of respiratory frequency (left), tidal volume (middle), and minute ventilation (right) in control and sodium leak channel genetically silenced mice. (D) Sodium leak channel genetically silenced decreases the carbon dioxide response under anesthesia with 1.5% sevoflurane. (E) Propofol (70 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) suppresses respiratory output, and there is no difference between control mice and sodium leak channel genetically silenced mice. (F) There is no difference between control mice and sodium leak channel genetically silenced mice in terms of respiratory frequency (left), tidal volume (middle), and minute ventilation (right) response to carbon dioxide under propofol anesthesia (n = 7/group). The data are means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 by two-way repeated measures ANOVA (A, C, and E) and two-tailed independent samples t test (B, D, and F).