Transcriptional increases of anti-inflammatory cytokines in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of paclitaxel-treated mice after local sympathectomy. Transcriptional expression levels in DRGs 7 days after paclitaxel treatment in male mice with sham surgery or local microsympathectomy (mSYMPX). Transcriptional analyses of (A) the macrophage proinflammatory marker nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and anti-inflammatory marker arginase 1 (ARG1); (B) proinflammatory cytokines interleukins (IL) IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); as well as (C) anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and its receptor TGF-βR1. For A–C, n = 4 male mice per group, t test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with sham.