Fig. 1.
Experimental setup. The ventilator was positioned behind the healthy participant. A T-piece was inserted on the inspiratory limb of the ventilator (A, in red) and was suddenly opened to generate specific asynchronies linked to the precise timing of the leaks: autotriggering during expiration (B) or prolonged insufflation during inspiration (C). Schematic patterns of concomitant diaphragm electromyogram (EMG), airway pressure (Paw), and respiratory flow tracings are displayed on the left for each asynchrony.