Fig. 2.
Intraoperative oxidative damage versus postoperative delirium and neuronal injury. Intraoperative oxidative damage, quantified as the plasma concentration of F2-isoprostanes and isofurans, was independently associated with increased probability of postoperative delirium (A) and plasma concentration of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 on postoperative day 1 (B) after adjusting for potential confounders. This association with ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 concentration was differentially modified by the extent of blood–brain barrier disruption (measured as plasma S100 calcium-binding protein B concentration at the time of intensive care unit admission). The association with delirium was not modified by S100 calcium-binding protein B. Shaded areas represent the 95% CI of the probability of delirium (A) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 concentration (B). Tick marks at the bottom of the figure indicate the observed values among the study cohort.