Odds ratio plot for infectious complications composite components. Covariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% CIs) for preoperative vitamin D concentration (per 10 nmol/l increase) and 30-day postoperative infectious complications components (blue) and average relative effect OR (OR_ARE) (95% CI) for the unweighted composite outcome (red), after adjusting for all confounders listed in table 1. Distinct effect ORs for each component were estimated, then averaged applying equal weights, across the four components to obtain an overall estimate of the effect of preoperative vitamin D concentration on the cardiovascular composite outcome (i.e., OR_ARE).