Table 2. Intraoperative Data

The two groups were similar except for phenylephrine use during preconditioning on the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit.

* Differences were assessed by unpaired t  test, Mann–Whitney test, Fisher exact test (two-tailed), or chi-square test;P < 0.05, significant.

† 25th, 75th percentiles;

‡ One patient each from the placebo group and the sevoflurane group received a small dose (100 μg) of sufentanil.