Fig. 3.  Isoflurane protects against small-intestinal injury after renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). Representative photomicrographs of small intestine from 4 experiments (hematoxylin-eosin staining; magnifications, ×200 and ×600). (A, B ) Sham–operated mice show normal intestinal morphologic features. The intestines of mice exposed to 4 h of pentobarbital after renal IRI demonstrate marked epithelial villous swelling: (C ) swollen villi highlighted by an asterisk, and (D ) an enlarged image of a single swollen villous showing numerous apoptotic bodies (circled). (E, F ) In contrast, the intestines of mice exposed to 4 h of 1.2% isoflurane after renal IRI were protected from severe injury. Tissues were collected 24 h after renal IRI.