Fig. 3. Ketamine increases E2F1 and proapoptotic Bcl2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim). (A ) Western blot of the brain extracts from postnatal day 7 rats treated with repeated injections of saline or ketamine. Ketamine produced a dose-dependent increase in E2F1 and Bim. E2F4 did not change (n = 3, *P < 0.05). (B ) Western blot of protein lysates from primary neurons also revealed a dose-dependent increase in E2F1 and Bim concentrations (n = 4, *P < 0.05). Data are presented as mean ± standard error.