American Society of Anesthesiologists

$Fig. 1. Adrenergic-deficient mice exhibit volatile anesthetic hypersensitivity relative to sibling controls with normal levels of norepinephrine/epinephrine. Symbols respectively depict the fraction of Dbh +/− (n = 10, triangles ) and Dbh −/− (n = 12, squares ) mice that exhibit a loss of righting reflex (LORR) at each specified anesthetic dose for (A) isoflurane, (C) sevoflurane, and (E) halothane. Solid lines denote the best-fit curves with dashed lines showing 95% confidence interval bracketing the best-fit curves. Bars represent mean ± SEM time lapsed from the termination of anesthetic exposure (shown in A , C , E ) until the return of righting reflex (RORR) for Dbh −/− (black ) and Dbh +/− (colored ) mice for (B) isoflurane, (D) sevoflurane, and (F) halothane. Effects of genotype are significant F1,236 = 46.7, P value less than 0.0001. Atm = atmosphere; Dbh = dopamine β-hydroxylase.$

Fig. 1. Adrenergic-deficient mice exhibit volatile anesthetic hypersensitivity relative to sibling controls with normal levels of norepinephrine/epinephrine. Symbols respectively depict the fraction of Dbh ^+/−(n = 10, triangles ) and Dbh ^−/−(n = 12, squares ) mice that exhibit a loss of righting reflex (LORR) at each specified anesthetic dose for (A) isoflurane, (C) sevoflurane, and (E) halothane. Solid lines denote the best-fit curves with dashed lines showing 95% confidence interval bracketing the best-fit curves. Bars represent mean ± SEM time lapsed from the termination of anesthetic exposure (shown in A , C , E ) until the return of righting reflex (RORR) for Dbh ^−/−(black ) and Dbh ^+/−(colored ) mice for (B) isoflurane, (D) sevoflurane, and (F) halothane. Effects of genotype are significant F1,236 = 46.7, P value less than 0.0001. Atm = atmosphere; Dbh = dopamine β-hydroxylase.

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