Carbachol (CCh)-induced phosphorylation of JNKs and the effects of SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) on the CCh-induced phosphorylation of JNKs in rat bronchial smooth muscle. Phosphorylation of JNK-1 and JNK-2/3 was revealed by Western blotting. Typical photographs of CCh-induced phosphorylated JNK-1 and JNK-2/3 from 1 to 30 min (A) and the effects of SP600125 on the CCh-induced phosphorylation of JNK-1 and JNK-2/3 in rat bronchial smooth muscle (C). The ratio (phosphorylated-JNK/total JNK) represents the fold increase from rest (0 min) (B, D). Values are means ± SEM from four independent experiments. *P < 0.05 vs. rest (0 min), #P < 0.05 vs. 1 μm CCh.