Fig. 4.
MSCs and MSC conditioned medium modulates the cytokine response to VILI. IT and IV MSC therapy and IT MSC conditioned medium each decreased (P < 0.001) BAL TNF-α concentrations (A), and decreased (P < 0.001) BAL IL-6 concentrations (B). IV MSCs, but not IT MSCs or IT conditioned medium, increased (P < 0.001) BAL IL-10 (C) concentrations. IT MSCs increased (P < 0.001) BAL KGF (D) concentrations. All assays were performed 48 h after induction of severe stretch induced lung injury, compared with the other groups. BAL = bronchoalveolar lavage; CM = conditioned medium; IV = intravenous; IL = interleukin; IT = intratracheal; KGF = keratinocyte growth factor; MSC = mesenchymal stromal cell; No Therapy = no treatment given; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α; Vehicle = treatment with vehicle alone; VILI = ventilation-induced lung injury. * Significantly (P < 0.05) different from Vehicle, fibroblast, and No therapy groups.