Fig. 3.
Levels of phospho-active forms of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein (4E-BP1), and p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) in rat brain (cortex) tissues at different time intervals (0–240 min) after administration of either (R,S)-ketamine, (R,S)-norketamine, or (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine. The mode of administration and dosage protocol of the test compounds are described in the legend of figure 2. (A–C) Representative immunoblots using the indicated primary antibodies. (D–F) Scatter plots illustrating the relative levels of phosphorylated and total forms of mTOR, p70S6K, and 4E-BP1 in response to (R,S)-ketamine (D), (R,S)-norketamine (E), and (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine (F) are shown (n = 3 independent experiments). *,**P < 0.05, 0.01 (ANOVA) compared with controls.