(A) Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations of airway smooth muscle in the four groups of sensitized guinea pigs (n = 7 each). S = sevoflurane; R1.0 = rolipram1.0; S+R1.0 = sevoflurane/rolipram1.0. *P < 0.05 versus the sensitized group; #P < 0.05 versus the S group. (B) Intracellular cAMP concentrations of airway smooth muscle in the four groups of sensitized guinea pigs (n = 7 each). S = sevoflurane; F1.0 = roflumilast1.0; S+F1.0 = sevoflurane/roflumilast1.0. *P < 0.05 versus the sensitized group; #P < 0.05 versus the S group.